ArticleTranslational cancer research2026
Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of systemic therapy combined with interventional treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective case series.
Article in Translational cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death globally, with limited treatment options for patients with advanced, unresectable disease. This retrospective study aimed to assess the potential clinical effectiveness of combining transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with systemic therapy in this population. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B or C HCC from three tertiary medical centers in China. Eligible patients received TACE combined with systemic therapy-either as first-line or subsequent-line treatment-between May 2020 and January 2024. Most patients received atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as the systemic regimen. Survival outcomes, including progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR), were evaluated. Potential prognostic factors for PFS were analyzed using univariate models. Results: A total of 33 patients were included in the analysis. The overall ORR was 66.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 49.6-80.3%] according to both Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and modified RECIST (mRECIST) criteria. After a median follow-up of 17 months, the median PFS was 8.25 months (95% CI: 7.13-15.62). The Kaplan-Meier-estimated 12-month OS rate was 89.8% (95% CI: 79.4-100%), and the estimated 24-month OS rate was 64.1% (95% CI: 39.5-100%). During follow-up, gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in two patients (6.1%), and hypertension was observed in four patients (12.1%). In univariate OS analysis, macrovascular invasion was significantly associated with poorer survival outcomes (P<0.01). Conclusions: The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab with TACE showed promising survival outcomes in patients with advanced HCC, regardless of treatment line. These findings highlight the potential of multimodal strategies to enhance clinical outcomes and inform future treatment planning. Prospective studies are needed to validate prognostic markers and further evaluate safety.
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