Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42180724›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Implementation of third-generation digital PCR for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell disease and early detection. Pilot study.

Sara Ferrer Benito, Miguel Gómez Álvarez, María Josefa Torrejón Martínez, Montserrat López Rubio, Rafael Andrés Del Orbe Barreto, Jaime Arbeteta Juanis, María Josefa Muruzabal Siges, Eduardo José Salido Fiérrez, Aránzazu García Mateo, Valle Recasens and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Sara Ferrer BenitoHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Miguel Gómez ÁlvarezHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
María Josefa Torrejón MartínezClinical Analysis Service, Hospital ClSan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Montserrat López RubioHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Universitario PrFelipe, Alcal1 de Henares (Madrid), Madrid, Spain.
Rafael Andrés Del Orbe BarretoHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Bilbao, Spain.
Jaime Arbeteta JuanisHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain.
María Josefa Muruzabal SigesHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Universitario Marqu9s de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
Eduardo José Salido FiérrezHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital ClUniversitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
Aránzazu García MateoHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital General de Segovia, Segovia, Spain.
Valle RecasensHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
Jorge Martínez NietoHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Ana Villegas MartínezHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Fernando Ataúlfo González FernándezHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Ana Belén Ortega MonteroHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Laura García MorenoHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Paloma Ropero GradillaHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Celina Benavente CuestaHematology and Hemotherapy Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Spanish Group of Erythropathology

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most prevalent autosomal recessive conditions worldwide, affecting more than 600,000 newborns annually. Despite advances in treatment, it remains a chronic condition requiring lifelong management. Allogeneic transplantation and gene therapy are currently the only curative options when applicable and available. We present the results of a pilot study evaluating the use of digital PCR (dPCR) for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD), a minimally invasive approach for SCD, based on relative pathogenic variant dosage (RMD, Relative Mutation Dosage) analysis in maternal plasma. Nine pregnant women carrying the pathogenic variant (βA/βS) were included. RMD values ranged from 0.436 to 0.501 (mean: 0.475) in cases with heterozygous fetuses and from 0.377 to 0.431 (mean: 0.397) in cases with wild-type fetuses. Z-score classification correctly identified fetal genotype in all conclusive cases (8/9), with one inconclusive result. Results were confirmed postnatally with 100% concordance in classified cases. These findings support the feasibility of dPCR-based NIPD for SCD as a minimally invasive approach. However, further validation in larger cohorts and with comprehensive quality control parameters is required.

Indexed as

cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA)digital PCR (dPCR)hemoglobin S (HbS)minimally invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)sickle cell disease (SCD)

Identifiers

PMID42180724
PMCPMC13193913

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.