Wearable Camera-Based Dietary Assessment of Mother-Father Dyads in Urban and Rural Households in Ghana.

Background: There is a dearth of studies examining the dietary intakes of parents from low- and middle-income countries, which are foundational for understanding the household-level double burden of malnutrition (DBM). Objectives: To assess the energy and nutrient intakes (carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamin A, folate, zinc, and iron) of mother-father dyads from rural and urban households in Ghana using a wearable camera, an objective measure of dietary intake, not subject to self-reporting errors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, purposive convenience sampling was used to recruit 60 households with a mother, father, and a child younger than 5 y and/or an adolescent from 1 rural and 1 urban community in Ghana. Both parents wore the Automatic Ingestion Monitor 2 (AIM-2) over 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day. Dietary intake was analyzed using custom AIM Annotation Software. Household characteristics were collected via questionnaire, and body mass index (kg/m Results: No differences in mean energy, macronutrient, or micronutrient intakes were observed between mothers and fathers within either area of residence. Dyad-level analyses showed that in rural households, mothers had higher caloric ( Conclusions: The coexistence of overweight/obesity and low iron intakes among mothers highlights a unique presentation of the DBM at the household level. The AIM-2 shows promise for addressing limitations of traditional dietary assessment methods through passive and objective image capture.