ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Impact of socioeconomic status on tumor stage, molecular subtype distribution, treatment adherence, and survival outcomes in breast cancer.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is a key determinant of cancer outcomes, influencing access to screening, early diagnosis, treatment adherence, and survival. Socioeconomic disparities in breast cancer may contribute to differences in tumor biology, stage at diagnosis, and prognosis. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status on tumor stage at diagnosis, molecular subtype distribution, treatment utilization, adherence, and survival outcomes among patients with breast cancer. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using hospital cancer registries and electronic medical records from a tertiary oncology center. A total of 800 patients diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer were included and categorized into low (n = 300), middle (n = 300), and high (n = 200) SES groups based on income, education, and insurance status. Clinical and pathological variables were collected, including tumor stage, molecular subtype, treatment modalities, adherence patterns, and diagnostic delays. Survival outcomes were assessed using overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) with a minimum follow-up of 72 months. Chi-square and ANOVA tests examined group differences, while multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models identified predictors of late-stage diagnosis and survival outcomes. Results: Patients with low SES were significantly more likely to present with late-stage disease (49.3%) than those with high SES (25.0%) (p < 0.001). Low SES patients also showed more aggressive tumor characteristics, including larger tumor size, lymph node involvement, higher tumor grade, and elevated Ki-67 levels (p < 0.01). Triple-negative breast cancer was more prevalent in the low SES group (29.3%). Treatment adherence and completion rates were lower among low SES patients, accompanied by greater diagnostic and treatment delays. Survival analysis showed poorer outcomes in low SES patients, with reduced median OS (64 vs. 88 months) and DFS (50 vs. 80 months). Multivariate analysis confirmed low SES as an independent predictor of late-stage diagnosis (OR 2.45) and poorer survival (HR 1.72 for OS; HR 1.60 for DFS). Conclusion: Socioeconomic disparities significantly influence breast cancer stage at diagnosis, tumor characteristics, treatment adherence, and survival. Addressing socioeconomic barriers and improving equitable access to cancer care are essential to reduce disparities in breast cancer outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.