Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42179649›Full record

ArticleCHEST pulmonary2026

Lung Cancer Yield by Baseline Screening Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) Assignment and Patient Factors: The Population-Based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Consortium.

Andrea N Burnett-Hartman, Nikki M Carroll, Kris F Wain, Brian P Hixon, Anil Vachani, Robert T Greenlee, Stacey A Honda, Roger Y Kim, Christine Neslund-Dudas, Caryn E S Oshiro and 3 more

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Article in CHEST pulmonary, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Andrea N Burnett-HartmanNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Nikki M CarrollNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Kris F WainNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Brian P HixonNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Anil VachaniNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Robert T GreenleeNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Stacey A HondaNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Roger Y KimNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Christine Neslund-DudasNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Caryn E S OshiroNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Katharine A RendleNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Michael SimoffNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).
Debra P RitzwollerNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (A. N. B-H.); Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado (N. M. C., K. F. W., B. P. H., D. P. R.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (A. V., K. A. R., R. Y. K.); Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute (R. T. G.); Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (S. A. H., C. E. S. O.); Hawaii Permanente Medical Group (S. A. H.); Henry Ford Health and Henry Ford Cancer Institute (C. N-D., M. S.).

Funding

Center for Research to Optimize Precision Lung Cancer Screening in Diverse PopulationsUM1CA221939 · NCI · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI RITZWOLLER, DEBRA P, VACHANI, ANIL · 2018 to 2023
$15.3M
Assessment of a Radiomics-Based Computer-Aided Diagnosis Tool for Cancer Risk Stratification of Pulmonary NodulesK08CA279881 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Roger Yeon-Kyu Kim · 2023 to 2026
$998k
Natural History of Lung Cancer Diagnosed Within and Across Diverse Health Systems Implementing Lung Cancer ScreeningR50CA251966 · NCI · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI CARROLL, NIKKI · 2020 to 2024
$751k
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999NCI NIH HHS K08 CA279881NCI NIH HHS R50 CA251966NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA221939
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLung cancer yield from lung cancer screening (LCS) via low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) may differ in community-based settings compared to clinical trials. RESEARCH QUESTION: What proportion of those receiving a baseline LCS LDCT in five healthcare systems in the United States were diagnosed with lung cancer within 12-months, overall, and by LCS findings and patient characteristics? STUDY DESIGN AND

methodsStudy participants were LCS-eligible and received care and a baseline LCS LDCT within healthcare systems in the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Consortium (PROSPR-Lung) from 2014-2020. We collected data on LCS utilization, results, patient characteristics, and smoking history via electronic health records. Baseline LCS LDCT findings were categorized using Lung-RADS, and lung cancer diagnoses were ascertained via cancer registries. The primary outcome was 12-month lung cancer yield.

resultsOf 13,448 patients, 47% were female, 48% ages <65 years, 74% White, 14% Black, 4% Hispanic, 3% Asian, and 1% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander. There were 304 (2.3%) patients diagnosed with lung cancer within 12 months of baseline LDCT. Among those with Lung-RADS 1 (n=3,047) or 2 (n=7,978), there were 1 and 16 lung cancers, respectively. Among those with positive LCS findings (n=2,408), 12-month lung cancer yield was as follows: Lung-RADS 3=1.7%, 4-NOS (not otherwise specified)=38.5%, 4A=10.8%, 4B=38.8%, or 4X=69.2%. Among those with missing Lung-RADS (n=15), 1 lung cancer was diagnosed. Those at older ages, who currently smoked, with higher pack-years, greater comorbidity, or lower body mass index had higher lung cancer yields (p-value < 0.05).

interpretationLung cancer yield within 12 months after a baseline LDCT within PROSPR-Lung healthcare systems was higher than in LCS clinical trials. Differences may be attributable to higher smoking intensity, increased comorbidities, and an average older age at baseline scan in community settings compared to clinical trial settings.

Indexed as

cancer detection ratecancer yieldlung cancerLung-RADSscreening

Identifiers

PMID42179649
PMCPMC13197083

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.