Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42179607›Full record

ArticleACS omega2026

Ultrasonic Processing of Graphene Nanoplatelet-Silver Nanoparticle Composite Coatings for Enhanced Mechanical and Antiviral Properties in Medical Textiles.

Robert L F Liang, Monika Snowdon, Azar Fattahi, Cameron Dean, Derek Eppinghoven, Irfani Ausri, Yun Wu, Steven Phang, Aastha Gandhi, Julie Dang and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Robert L F LiangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-9931
Monika SnowdonCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-4839
Azar FattahiCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Cameron DeanCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8864-6449
Derek EppinghovenWaterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Irfani AusriWaterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Yun WuWaterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5905-8130
Steven PhangCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Aastha GandhiCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Julie DangCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6945-2408
Tahbit ChowdhuryCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Shirley TangWaterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-4365
Y Norman ZhouCentre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2886-0259
Marina Freire-GormalyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-7234

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Respiratory protective textiles increasingly require multifunctional surface treatments that enhance durability and provide active antiviral performance without compromising filtration. In this context, this study develops graphene nanoplatelet-silver nanoparticle (GNP-Ag) and super activated carbon-silver nanoparticle (SAC-Ag) composite coatings for PPE-grade nonwoven fabrics using a room-temperature ultrasonic atomization process. The coatings enhanced mechanical integrity while maintaining baseline filtration efficiency. GNP-Ag increased spunbond grab strength by 54% and, when combined with polyurethane and UV cross-linking, improved meltblown strength by 47%. Surface wettability shifted from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, with meltblown contact angle increasing from 88° to 121°, and wash fastness improved following heat and UV curing. Cytotoxicity assays showed a dose-dependent response, with GNP-Ag exhibiting lower cytotoxicity compared with SAC-Ag. Antiviral testing against human coronavirus OC43 demonstrated a 1.93-log reduction (98.8%) after 10 min for unwashed GNP-Ag fabrics and a 1.43-log reduction (96.3%) after washing. Filtration performance remained unchanged for GNP-Ag and slightly increased for SAC-Ag. These results demonstrate a stable, mechanically reinforcing, and antiviral coating that enhances the protective function of PPE-grade nonwoven fabrics.

Identifiers

PMID42179607
PMCPMC13191548

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.