ArticleCancer science2026
Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Plasma for Predicting Anti-PD-1 Antibody Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Article in Cancer science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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13 authors.
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Abstract
Liquid biopsy is a promising biomarker for cancer detection and prediction of therapy responses. In this study, we developed new antibody-based sandwich assays to measure three extracellular vesicle (EV) subsets that express cell surface vimentin (CSV) and co-express epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) or PD-L1 in plasma. Fifty-seven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent complete resection and 89 stage IV NSCLC patients who received anti-PD-1 antibody were enrolled. Correlations between the plasma EV subsets at baseline and various clinicopathological factors were evaluated. Plasma EpCAM/CSV-EV levels were significantly higher in stage I NSCLC patients compared to healthy donors, suggesting this may be a valuable biomarker for detecting early-stage NSCLC. High plasma CSV/CSV-EV levels at baseline were significantly correlated with a poor prognosis after treatment, both in the surgery cohort and the anti-PD-1 antibody cohort, which suggests that this may be useful for predicting the post-treatment prognosis in NSCLC patients. High plasma CSV/PD-L1-EV levels at baseline were significantly correlated with poor postoperative prognosis. However, high plasma CSV/PD-L1-EV levels at baseline were significantly correlated with a favorable clinical response and prognosis following anti-PD-1 antibody treatment in stage IV NSCLC. Therefore, plasma CSV-related EV subsets at baseline may be attractive biomarkers for early cancer detection (EpCAM/CSV), prediction of postoperative prognosis (CSV/CSV), and prediction of clinical responses and prognosis after anti-PD-1 antibody therapy (CSV/PD-L1). These EV subsets can be easily measured repetitively at appropriate timing. These novel liquid biopsies may be additional and complementary diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC patients.
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