A Systematic Review to Reassess the Formula for Early Life Growth.

Kanishka N Nilaweera, Douwe van Sinderen, Paul D Cotter

Abstract readSystematic Review

In one paragraph

Synthesis in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kanishka N NilaweeraDepartment of Food Bioscience, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland; VistaMilk Research Centre, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: Kanishka.nilaweera@teagasc.ie.

Douwe van SinderenSchool of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

Paul D CotterDepartment of Food Bioscience, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland; VistaMilk Research Centre, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mammals have species-specific adaptations to sustain growth during the suckling stage of life. These include species-specific milk composition and associated whey protein (WP)-to-casein (CN) ratio. Consuming milk (proteins) from other species may therefore cause different growth outcomes during early life. This systematic review examined the effect of intake of feeds with a high bovine WP-to-CN ratio on growth outcomes in infants, piglets, and rodent pups, focusing on milk and/or protein intake, body weight, and gut morphology and its cellular activity. The relevant studies were identified from PUBMed

Indexed as

Infant FormulaInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAnimalsCaseinsCattleEnergy IntakeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMilkMilk, HumanMilk ProteinsSwineWeight GainWhey ProteinsCaseinsMilk ProteinsWhey Proteinsbreastfeedingenergy balanceglucagon-like peptidelactationsucklingα-lactalbumin

Identifiers

PMID42176955

DOI10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100660

PMCPMC13276575

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.