ReviewClinical medicine (London, England)2026
Persistent (patent) foramen ovale assessment and closure for the general physician.
Review in Clinical medicine (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Cardiovascular disease: everybody's business.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
One-quarter of adults have a persistent (patent) foramen ovale (PFO). Right-to-left shunting through a PFO can facilitate paradoxical thromboembolism, cryptogenic stroke, paradoxical gas embolism, decompression sickness, arterial hypoxaemia and migraine with aura. Atrial septal defects and pulmonary shunts are also associated with these diseases, and investigation must differentiate them from a PFO. The detection and assessment of PFOs and other right-to-left shunts uses ultrasound techniques augmented with intravenous injection of bubble contrast. When diseases are attributed to a PFO, the PFO is usually large, typically about 10 mm diameter and associated with a large right-to-left shunt. Transcatheter closure of a PFO is relatively simple, but it is not always effective. Therefore, patients require careful pre-procedure counselling about risks, benefits, success rates and alternative treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.