Observational studyAnnals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials2026
Breakthrough mucormycosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective multiyear cohort study in Eastern China.
Observational study in Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Breakthrough rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis caused byFrontiers in medicine · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to update the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of mucormycosis, a rare but life-threatening invasive fungal infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective, single-center observational study including all consecutive HSCT recipients from November 2020 to October 2024, with follow-up through May 2025.
resultsAmong 1224 HSCT recipients receiving antifungal prophylaxis, mucormycosis was diagnosed in 49 patients (4.0%), with an incidence density of 3.4 per 100 person-years. The median time to onset was 73.0 days post-transplant (interquartile range, 30.0-223.0 days). Pulmonary involvement was present in 75.5% of cases. Rhizopus spp. accounted for the highest proportion (37.3%) among the isolated fungal genera. Multivariate analysis identified myelodysplastic syndrome (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.65), prior fungal infection (aHR = 2.33), and severe acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) (aHR = 2.96) as independent risk factors. Among 43 patients treated with antifungals, the 84-day survival rate was 46.5%. Severe aGvHD was an independent predictor of mortality. Combination therapy with amphotericin B plus posaconazole or isavuconazole was associated with a lower rate of treatment failure compared to amphotericin B alone, although this difference was not statistically significant (42.3% vs. 80.0%; P = 0.172).
conclusionsMucormycosis poses a serious risk post-HSCT; early identification and optimized treatment are critical to improving outcomes.
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