ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026
Risk factors for ocular complications in HIV/AIDS patients: a retrospective analysis of ophthalmology consultations in a tertiary hospital in Central China.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) affects 39.9 million people worldwide. Despite antiretroviral therapy, sight-threatening ocular complications, such as cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR), remain common, yet contemporary incidence data from Asian populations are scarce. PURPOSE: To quantify the incidence of fundus lesions and identify independent predictors of ocular lesions among HIV-positive inpatients referred for ophthalmologic evaluation at a tertiary center in Central China.
methodsAll consecutive HIV-1-positive inpatients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent standardized ophthalmic screening from 19 November 2019 to 9 June 2023 were included. Data on demographic, systemic, and ocular characteristics were collected. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with fundus lesions.
resultsOf 345 eligible individuals, 117 had fundus lesions, classified into three main types. The distribution was 35.9% for opportunistic infections, 59.8% for HIV-related microangiopathy, and 4.3% for syphilis-related uveitis. The opportunistic infections group was common among the youngest age group [median age: 41.5 years, IQR: 32-54 years], with 38.1% reporting blurred vision. Patients in the microangiopathy group had the lowest CD4
conclusionIn this contemporary Central-Chinese cohort, CMVR remains the leading ocular sequela despite widespread HAART. Age, nadir CD4
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