Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42174525›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2026

Mpox knowledge, attitudes toward Mpox vaccine and hesitancy for Mpox vaccination among teachers in Kenya.

Patrick M Mutua, Michael M Gicheru, Joshua Mutiso, Erick K Serem

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Patrick M MutuaDepartment of Public Health, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Pwani University, P.O Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya. patmbuvi@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4799-3006
Michael M GicheruDepartment of Zoological Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Joshua MutisoDepartment of Zoological Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Erick K SeremDepartment of Public Health, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Pwani University, P.O Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSixteen African countries, including Kenya, reported Mpox cases over a two-month period, prompting the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to declare the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security on 13th August 2024. The World Health Organization issued guidance for Mpox prevention in schools, where teachers are expected to support infection prevention. This study assessed teachers' knowledge of Mpox and attitudes toward Mpox vaccination, given these factors that may influence teachers' confidence in promoting preventive behaviours and vaccination awareness among learners.

methodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 1,139 teachers in Kenya between 21st November 2024 and 17th February 2025. Structured questionnaires assessed Mpox knowledge (12 items) and attitudes toward Mpox vaccination (6 items). The use of mean scores to define adequate versus inadequate knowledge and attitude was justified by approximate normal distribution of the data. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed.

resultsThe mean Mpox knowledge score was 8.2 out of 12 (68.3%), and the mean attitude score for Mpox vaccine was 3.7 out of 6 (61.7%), indicating moderate knowledge and attitudes. Over 34% of respondents were unaware of reported Mpox cases in Kenya. Vaccine hesitancy was 49.8%, with 62% of the hesitating respondents citing concerns about potential side effects. Teachers with certificate and diploma qualifications were significantly more likely to accept vaccination.

conclusionsTeachers demonstrated moderate knowledge and attitudes but high Mpox vaccine hesitancy. Implementation of focused strategies, including structured risk communication and integration of Mpox education into professional development are essential to enhance vaccine uptake, reinforce positive attitudes and strengthen teachers' capacity to protect learners in line with WHO guidance.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeMpox, MonkeypoxSchool TeachersSmallpox VaccineVaccination HesitancyAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansKenyaMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesSmallpox VaccineAttitudeHesitancyMpox KnowledgeMpox VaccinationTeachers

Identifiers

PMID42174525
PMCPMC13371670

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.