Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42174435›Full record

Observational studyBMC cardiovascular disorders2026

Association of multimorbidity burden with outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort study.

Xiaofu Wu, Xiaobin Zhang, Guanfei Ning, Wenyuan Zhang

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiaofu WuDepartment of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, No. 24297 Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250000, China.
Xiaobin ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, No. 24297 Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250000, China.
Guanfei NingDepartment of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110000, China.
Wenyuan ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, No. 24297 Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250000, China. 15098898500@126.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultimorbidity is increasingly common among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly in aging populations. Although previous studies have shown that comorbidity burden influences outcomes in coronary artery disease, the association between cumulative multimorbidity burden and both clinical and functional outcomes after PCI in contemporary real-world practice remains incompletely characterized.

methodsThis single-center retrospective cohort study included 1,238 consecutive patients who underwent PCI between January 2020 and December 2023. Patients were categorized into a low-burden group (0-1 chronic disease, n = 482) and a high-burden group (≥ 2 chronic diseases, n = 756). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and repeat coronary revascularization. Multivariable Cox regression and propensity score matching were performed for time-to-event outcomes. Functional outcomes, including New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 (SAQ-7), and EuroQol Five Dimensions (EQ-5D), were assessed from baseline to 12-month follow-up.

resultsOver a median follow-up of 36 months (IQR 28-42), 312 patients (25.2%) experienced MACE. The incidence of MACE was significantly higher in the high-burden group than in the low-burden group (30.4% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.001; log-rank P < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, high multimorbidity burden remained associated with increased risk of MACE (adjusted HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.18-1.96, P = 0.001). All-cause mortality (13.6% vs. 7.3%, P < 0.001) and all-cause readmission (27.0% vs. 18.0%, P < 0.001) were also more frequent in the high-burden group. Functional recovery at 12 months was less favorable in patients with higher multimorbidity burden, with lower improvement in NYHA class (45.3% vs. 62.0%, P < 0.001), smaller increases in SAQ-7 score (+ 15.1 ± 6.8 vs. +22.6 ± 7.5, P < 0.001), and less improvement in EQ-5D index (+ 0.09 ± 0.11 vs. +0.14 ± 0.10, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed generally consistent associations across age and sex strata, whereas disease-specific subgroup findings were interpreted cautiously because some stratification variables also contributed to the multimorbidity definition.

conclusionIn this single-center retrospective cohort, higher multimorbidity burden was associated with increased risks of adverse clinical outcomes and less favorable functional recovery after PCI. These findings suggest that multimorbidity may provide additional prognostic information in contemporary PCI practice, although further prospective multicenter studies are needed to confirm its value in routine risk assessment.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery DiseaseMultimorbidityPercutaneous Coronary InterventionAgedFemaleFunctional StatusHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsMultimorbidityPercutaneous coronary interventionPrognosisRisk stratification

Identifiers

PMID42174435
PMCPMC13377754

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.