ReviewNature immunology2026
Immune development in early life.
Review in Nature immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Abdominal Bloating in the Modern Era: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Environmental Contributors.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Article
- From cells to antibodies: age-specific immune shifts in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The perinatal period of immune ontogeny reflects prenatal, maternal and postnatal cues that converge to establish durable immune trajectories. Fetal and infant immunity follows distinct, ontogeny-specific programs optimized for tissue protection, tolerance and rapid effector function. Herein, we integrate recent insights into prenatal hematopoiesis, tissue seeding by innate and adaptive lymphocytes, and the establishment of immune specialization across barriers and systemic compartments. We examine how cellular and humoral factors in blood, tissues and/or breast milk calibrate immune development, and how postnatal microbial colonization and environmental exposures further refine immune function in a tissue- and time-dependent manner. Together, these findings redefine early life as a critical window during which immune set points are established, with lasting immunological imprinting linked to host defense, vaccine responsiveness and risk for atopy. A mechanistic understanding of these processes provides a framework for rational, age-adapted strategies to promote immune health across the life course.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42174266What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.