Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42174265›Full record

ArticleNature immunology2026

A glycan-based adjuvant expands the breadth and duration of protection of mRNA-based vaccines.

Kautilya K Jena, Pengxiang Qu, Lauren Baracco, Shahab Saghaei, Keerti, Zahra Allahyari, Daniel Boehmer, Moriah Mitchell, Carly A Dillen, Hai-Yun Li and 25 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Kautilya K Jena *Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7568-1555
Pengxiang Qu *Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
Lauren BaraccoUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Shahab SaghaeiHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-8068-7132
KeertiHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Zahra AllahyariHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Daniel BoehmerHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Moriah MitchellHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Carly A DillenUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Hai-Yun LiDepartment of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Enqi LiuLaboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-3158
Valentina PoliHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Océane DufiesHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-969X
David P Hoytema van KonijnenburgHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5198-9718
Roberto SpreaficoInstitute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-7658
Caihong BiHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Rebecca HallHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Michael D KruppaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-2333
Zuchao MaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Amy GravitteDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Douglas W LowmanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Harry E EnsleyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Pierre MartyUniversité Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, and Parasitologie-Mycologie CHU de Nice, Nice, France.
Laurent BoyerUniversité Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, and Parasitologie-Mycologie CHU de Nice, Nice, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-1706
Rémy CollompPôle Pharmacie, CHU de Nice, Nice, France.
David L WilliamsDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Victor Pui-Yan MaHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Pui Y LeeHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5779-4193
Peter A NigrovicHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-3702
Jeffrey M KarpHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stephen J ElledgeHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Duane R WesemannHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6690-944X
Yi WuDepartment of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. wuy@lzu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-5590
Matthew FriemanUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-0775
Ivan ZanoniHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ivan.zanoni@childrens.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-7474

Funding

Innate control of the inflammatory process during fungal infectionsR01AI121066 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI ZANONI, IVAN · 2016 to 2025
$4.8M
Development of a novel adjuvant strategy enabled by modulation of the physical properties of fungal mannansR01AI165505 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Ivan Zanoni · 2021 to 2026
$4.6M
Genetic Characterization of phosphomannan biosynthesis in C. aurisR21AI159877 · NIAID · EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KRUPPA, MICHAEL D · 2021 to 2022
$407k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI159877U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R01AI121066U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R01AI165505
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) orchestrates inflammation and regulates adaptive immunity. To test whether tuning inflammation through PRR stimulation enhanced the efficacy of mRNA vaccines, we combined an mRNA-based vaccine generated against the ancestral spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 with mannadjuvant, a formulation of fungal mannan and aluminum hydroxide targeting the PRR dectin-2. In mice and non-human primates, mannadjuvant increased the magnitude and durability of the response elicited by the mRNA-based vaccine, and it also led to the induction of neutralizing antibodies directed against variants of concern with a high escape capacity, overcoming antigenic imprinting. Mechanistically, prolonged type I interferon (IFN) production and potentiated interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling locally within the draining lymph node in mice or in human cells were necessary and sufficient to exert the effect of mannadjuvant. Our data indicate that antifungal PRRs can be harnessed to create more potent and durable mRNA-based vaccines.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccineCOVID-19 VaccinesMannansmRNA VaccinesAluminum HydroxideAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralFemaleHumansInnate Immunity RecognitionInterferon Type IInterleukin-1Lectins, C-TypeMiceAdjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccineAluminum HydroxideAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 Vaccinesdectin-2, mouseInterferon Type IInterleukin-1Lectins, C-TypeMannansmRNA VaccinesPolysaccharidesRNA, MessengerSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2Vaccines, Synthetic

Identifiers

PMID42174265
PMCPMC13226070

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.