Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42173928›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

An integrative in silico and in vitro synergy of Cinnamomum verum essential oil and cinnamaldehyde with imipenem against extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Saoussen Jilani, Malek Besbes, Mohamed Ferjeni, Salwa Ahmed Lotfi, Kholoud Al-Shammery, Zhaojun Ban, Haya Rashid Mohammed AlTamimi, Amr Farouk, Walid Ben Selma

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Saoussen JilaniDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Malek BesbesDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed FerjeniLaboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environmental and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
Salwa Ahmed LotfiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Kholoud Al-ShammeryDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Zhaojun BanZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
Haya Rashid Mohammed AlTamimiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 81451, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Amr FaroukFlavor and Aroma Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Walid Ben SelmaLaboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environmental and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. wbenselma@hotmail.com.

Funding

University of Ha'il RG-24 111
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial pathogens are associated with multidrug-resistant hospital-acquired infections. This study aimed to assess the phytochemical composition, antibacterial efficacy, synergistic interactions, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics of the essential oil Cinnamomum verum (Civ-EO) and its major compound. Cinnamaldehyde was identified as the major component of Civ-EO (70.15%). Disc diffusion and MBC/MIC showed advanced antibacterial activity of Civ-EO against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Synergism between Cinn-EO and imipenem was revealed by combined disc diffusion and confirmed by checkerboard assays against all XDR Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (FICI˂0.5). Cinnamaldehyde displayed important antibacterial effects alone and in combination with imipenem (FICI˂0.5) against all used XDR and susceptible strains. Molecular docking demonstrated the highest interaction between cinnamaldehyde and undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase enzymes and D-alanine: D-alanine ligase. According to molecular dynamics simulations, the stabilizing effects of ligand binding on the target enzyme reduce its activity. The current study demonstrates the highly antibacterial effects of cinnamaldehyde in combination with imipenem against XDR Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which could constitute an interesting strategy for combating these bacteria.

Indexed as

AcroleinAnti-Bacterial AgentsCinnamomum zeylanicumDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialImipenemOils, VolatileAcinetobacter baumanniiComputer SimulationDrug SynergismKlebsiella pneumoniaeMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular Dynamics SimulationAcroleinAnti-Bacterial AgentscinnamaldehydeImipenemOils, VolatileAntibiotic resistanceCinnamaldehydeCinnamomum verum essential oilDynamic simulationMolecular dockingSynergismXDR-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

Identifiers

PMID42173928
PMCPMC13408142

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.