ReviewVirulence2026
Immune discrimination between commensals and pathogenic bacteria.
Review in Virulence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interaction with various bacteria is essential for the development of various components of the immune system. To prevent disease, the immune system must continuously discriminate between commensal and pathogenic bacteria. The immune system employs several mechanisms to discriminate between beneficial and harmful bacteria. This ensures selective immune tolerance toward commensals, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. Both commensal and pathogenic bacteria contain features that provoke immune responses. However, how the immune system reacts to or eliminates bacterial infections while preserving commensals is not fully understood. This review aims to explore the underlying mechanisms used by the immune system to distinguish between commensals and pathogenic bacteria. The review also addresses how commensals interact with immune system components to facilitate immune discrimination and host protection. Finally, dysbiosis and therapeutic interventions used to restore microbial balance are also discussed in this review.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.