Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42172879›Full record

ArticleClinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)2026

Decoupling speed matters: Optimizing gait mechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with Split-belt adaptation training of the healthy leg.

Alfred J Crone, Alexa K Johnson, Reagan Recchia, Abdulhamit Tayfur, Edward M Wojtys, Chandramouli Krishnan, Riann M Palmieri-Smith

Abstract read
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Article in Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alfred J CroneOrthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: croneaj@umich.edu.
Alexa K JohnsonOrthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: akjohns@umich.edu.
Reagan RecchiaOrthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: recchire@umich.edu.
Abdulhamit TayfurOrthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Turkey. Electronic address: abdulhamit.tayfur@ahievran.edu.tr.
Edward M WojtysDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: edwojtys@umich.edu.
Chandramouli KrishnanSchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuromuscular and Rehabilitation Robotics (NeuRRo) Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI 48502, USA; Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: mouli@umich.edu.
Riann M Palmieri-SmithOrthopedic Rehabilitation & Biomechanics (ORB) Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: riannp@umich.edu.

Funding

Mi-SPA: Michigan Split-belt Adaptation Paradigm to Improve Knee Loading After Anterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionR21AR082643 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CHANDRAMOULI KRISHNAN, Riann Marie Palmieri-Smith · 2024 to 2026
$554k
NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR082643
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundKnee and limb underloading are common problems after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction associated with early-onset osteoarthritis. Split-belt treadmill training is a promising method to address knee/limb underloading, but the dose-response relationship and its efficacy to target underloading after reconstruction remain unknown. Here, we examined if split-belt treadmill training of the healthy limb (i.e., modifying belt speed under this limb) affects ACL knee/limb loading.

methodsTwenty-five participants with ACL reconstruction (Age: 23.24 ± 6.48 yr, Height: 1.73 ± 0.08 m, Mass: 76.08 ± 13.72 kg, Postoperative Time: 8.04 ± 1.78 months) were evaluated utilizing an instrumented treadmill synced with a 12-camera motion capture system. Participants completed 5 min of baseline walking with belts tied at 1.1 m/s. Belt speed under the healthy limb was then manipulated with eight, randomized 5-min decoupled speed configurations (30-170% of 1.1 m/s in 20% increments) with 2 min of tied-belt walking after each speed. Sagittal plane knee moments, angles, and vertical ground reaction forces were measured, and one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping was used to compare dependent variables between legs and decoupling speeds during stance.

findingsA dose-response relationship was found where faster speeds increased ACL knee/limb loads throughout stance and slower speeds decreased them. In the healthy limb, faster speeds led to increased early stance and decreased midstance loading, with the opposite effect at slower speeds.

interpretationOur findings suggest that split-belt treadmill training of the healthy limb at faster speeds may improve ACL knee/limb loading, but further research is needed to obtain a clear understanding of how this transfers to overground walking.

Indexed as

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionGaitLegAdaptation, PhysiologicalAdultAnterior Cruciate LigamentAnterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleHumansKnee JointMaleWalkingYoung AdultACLRBiomechanicsGaitGait trainingKnee injurySensorimotor adaptation

Identifiers

PMID42172879
PMCPMC13571984

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.