Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42172614›Full record

Trial reportJMIR human factors2026

Support, Monitoring, and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia (SMART4MD) for People With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Their Informal Caregivers: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Zartashia Ghani, Johan Jarl, Peter Anderberg, Johan Sanmartin Berglund, Maria Quintana Aparicio, Pilar Barnestein-Fonseca, Selim Cellek, Fermín Mayoral-Cleries, Maite Garolera, Gloria Guerrero-Pertiñez and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialPragmatic Clinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in JMIR human factors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03325699 (Support Monitoring and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03325699 naunknown statusnot on this map

Support Monitoring and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohan Sanmartin BerglundRan2016 to 2019Enrolled1,200ConditionsMild Dementia, Cognitive Impairment, MildArmsSMART4MD Health Application
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Zartashia GhaniBlekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-9360-2809
Johan JarlDepartment of Clinical Science (Malmö), Health Economics Unit, Lund, Skane, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9274-2479
Peter AnderbergBlekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-9870-8477
Johan Sanmartin BerglundBlekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-4312-2246
Maria Quintana AparicioConsorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Torrebonica, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7510-0522
Pilar Barnestein-FonsecaInstituto CUDECA de Estudios e Investigación en Cuidados Paliativos, Fundación CUDECA, Málaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2767-8017
Selim CellekAnglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4856-285X
Fermín Mayoral-CleriesMental Health Clinical Management Unit, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9710-9672
Maite GaroleraConsorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7443-8249
Gloria Guerrero-PertiñezMental Health Clinical Management Unit, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4097-6628
Karen HaydenAnglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-4223-0659
Carmel MooreAnglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-2386-7200
Jufen ZhangAnglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-2704-6212
Dominic TrepelTrinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-1421-2966
Sanjib SahaDepartment of Clinical Science (Malmö), Health Economics Unit, Lund, Skane, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8649-0773

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSupport, Monitoring, and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia (SMART4MD), a customized tablet app, was developed to improve or maintain the quality of life of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and their informal caregivers.

objectiveThis study conducts an 18-month economic evaluation of the SMART4MD app, in addition to standard care, compared with standard care alone in Sweden and Spain, from a health care provider perspective.

methodsIn a pragmatic randomized controlled trial, people with MCI and their informal caregivers were randomized to the intervention and control groups. Health care costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were measured in 345 Swedish people with MCI and their informal caregivers, and in 347 Spanish people with MCI.

resultsThe analysis showed higher incremental costs and lower QALYs for Swedish people with MCI than for controls, whereas higher incremental costs and higher QALYs were observed for Spanish people with MCI. The intervention was not found to be cost-effective for Swedish informal caregivers, with an ICER of €78,000/QALY (€1=US $1.16).

conclusionsThe differing findings regarding cost-effectiveness for people with MCI in Sweden and Spain highlight the need for further research with extended follow-up, ideally involving a larger sample size and conducted across different national contexts.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03325699; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03325699.

Indexed as

CaregiversCognitive DysfunctionCost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Effectiveness AnalysisDementiaReminder SystemsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality-Adjusted Life YearsQuality of LifeSpainSwedencost-effectivenessdementiaInformal CaregiversmHealthmild cognitive impairment

Identifiers

PMID42172614
PMCPMC13241793

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.