Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42171953›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of behavioral medicine2026

Associations Between Parental Socioeconomic Position, Health Behavioral Profiles in Adolescence, and Socioeconomic Position in Adulthood: a 31-Year Follow-Up of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986.

Heidi Ruotsalainen, Jouko Miettunen, Niko Männikkö, Kaisa Marttila-Tornio, Maria Kääriäinen, Anni-Emilia Alakokkare, Jaana I Halonen, Tea Lallukka

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Article in International journal of behavioral medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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8 authors.

Heidi RuotsalainenDepartment of Social Services, Rehabilitation and Culture, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland. heidi.ruotsalainen@oamk.fi.
Jouko MiettunenMedical Research Center Oulu, Oulu UniversityHospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Niko MännikköCentre for Research and Innovation, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland.
Kaisa Marttila-TornioOulu University of Applied Science, ZIP Code 222, Oulu, Finland.
Maria KääriäinenMedical Research Center Oulu, Oulu UniversityHospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Anni-Emilia AlakokkareResearch Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Jaana I HalonenDepartment of Public Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Tea LallukkaDepartment of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundParental socioeconomic position (SEP) shapes adolescent health behaviors, which may contribute to adulthood socioeconomic outcomes. Clustering health behaviors into distinct health behavioral profiles helps broaden understanding of these associations. We examined whether (1) parental SEP, measured in early life and in adolescence, is related to adolescents' health behavior profiles and (2) whether these profiles in adolescence are associated with own socioeconomic position in adulthood.

methodThe data comprised 5612 adolescents and their parents from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Health behaviors in adolescence were clustered into healthy and unhealthy health behavioral profiles. Parental SEP was measured at the child's birth in 1986 using parental employment status, and in 2001 using parental education and household income. Own SEP in adulthood (education and employment status) was measured in 2017-2018. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations between health behaviors and SEP over time.

resultsLow parental education was associated with an unhealthy health behavioral profile in adolescence among girls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63-3.78). Adolescents with unhealthy profiles were more likely to have lower educational attainment in adulthood (men: OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.52-3.93; women: OR 3.18; 95% CI 1.65, 6.15). Additionally, individuals with unhealthy profiles were more likely to have manual occupations (men: OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.40, 2.60; women: OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.67, 3.62) or be unemployed (men: OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.18, 2.35; women: OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.50, 2.94).

conclusionProviding early support may promote health equity by enabling adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds to engage in healthy behaviors and access higher education in adulthood.

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AdolescentsCohortEducationHealth behaviorLongitudinal studyOccupational positionProfiles

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