ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2026
Clinical efficacy of intra-articular sodium hyaluronate injection and optimizing the puncture site in knee osteoarthritis.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of intra-articular sodium hyaluronate in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to assess the effect of different puncture sites on treatment outcome.
methodsThis retrospective study included 198 patients with KOA treated between September 2023 and September 2025. Patients were divided into a sodium hyaluronate group (n=102) and a triamcinolone acetonide group (n=96). The sodium hyaluronate group was further categorized by puncture site: superolateral (n=26), inferolateral (n=25), superomedial (n=27), and inferomedial (n=24). Clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline and 6 months using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Hospital for Special Surgery knee score (HSS), Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2-Short Form (AIMS2-SF), and inflammatory markers including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Adverse events were recorded.
resultsBaseline characteristics were comparable between groups (P>0.05). After 6 months, both treatments significantly improved clinical scores (P<0.05). The sodium hyaluronate group demonstrated superior pain relief, functional improvement, and lower incidence of adverse events compared with triamcinolone acetonide (P<0.05). In puncture-site analysis, WOMAC scores improved across all subgroups. The inferomedial approach provided greater pain relief, whereas the superolateral and superomedial approaches showed better improvement in joint stiffness, physical function, inflammatory markers, and quality of life (P<0.05). Adverse event rates did not differ among puncture-site groups.
conclusionIntra-articular sodium hyaluronate is effective and safe for KOA. Clinical outcomes vary according to puncture site, with superolateral and superomedial approaches demonstrating consistent overall benefits.
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