ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
Clonal relationship in a rare pulmonary mixed tumor: shared ALK fusion in atypical carcinoid and adenocarcinoma-a case report.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Pulmonary mixed neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are currently described in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification primarily as combinations of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, such as small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). The coexistence of NSCLC with typical or atypical carcinoid (TC/AC) tumors is not officially recognized in the current classification and remains an exceptionally rare entity, with limited information on its pathogenesis. We sought to delineate the molecular alterations underlying a rare case of MiNEN composed of AC and adenocarcinoma. Case Description: A 62-year-old male with a history of prostate cancer underwent a right apical segmentectomy for a suspicious lung nodule detected on follow-up computed tomography (CT). The resected 1.4 cm tumor was histologically diagnosed as a MiNEN, comprising an AC component (60%) and a well-differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma component (40%). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed on the distinct components identified a Conclusions: These findings suggest that MiNEN-associated carcinoids may share molecular drivers with NSCLC, distinct from the genetic landscape of sporadic carcinoids, and may be responsive to targeted therapies such as ALK inhibitors. Expanding the current WHO classification to include these low-grade neuroendocrine combinations is warranted to facilitate better diagnostic definition and clinical management.
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