ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
Occupational physical workload and risk of lung cancer and chronic respiratory diseases: a prospective cohort study of the UK Biobank.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Occupational physical workload has been recognized as a potential, yet understudied, determinant of lung cancer and chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). However, large-scale prospective evidence remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the association between occupational physical workload and the incidence of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in a population-based cohort. Methods: We analyzed data from 221,845 participants in the UK Biobank with complete baseline information on occupational physical workload. Occupational physical workload was derived from three questionnaire items-weekly working hours, standing or walking frequency, and heavy manual work-combined into a composite workload score (range, 0-6) and categorized into low (0-2), medium (3-4), and high (5-6) exposure groups. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease incidence, with progressive adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. Stratified and sensitivity analyses were further conducted. Results: Compared with the low workload group, the high workload group showed significantly increased risks of lung cancer (HR =1.54; 95% CI: 1.23-1.93), COPD (HR =1.45; 95% CI: 1.32-1.58), asthma (HR =1.15; 95% CI: 1.08-1.21), and IPF (HR =1.40; 95% CI: 1.11-1.76). Each one-point increase in workload score was associated with 10%, 11%, 4%, and 11% higher risks, respectively. Conclusions: Occupational physical workload was associated with increased risks of lung cancer and major CRDs in this large prospective cohort. Reducing excessive occupational workload may represent a feasible strategy for preventing respiratory morbidity.
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