Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42170100›Full record

ArticleJournal of analytical methods in chemistry2026

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Optimization and Validation for Potassium Bromate Detection in Bread Using a Quality-by-Design Approach.

Tesfamichael Gebretsadikan, Mebrahtom Gebrelibanos Hiben, Kalayou Hiluf Gebremedhin, Mulaynesh Zebrehe, Hayelom Fisseha, Teklu Hailu Abay

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Article in Journal of analytical methods in chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tesfamichael GebretsadikanSchool of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, mu.edu.et.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-4448
Mebrahtom Gebrelibanos HibenSchool of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, mu.edu.et.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-4103
Kalayou Hiluf GebremedhinDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, mu.edu.et.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0430-8577
Mulaynesh ZebreheSchool of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, mu.edu.et.
Hayelom FissehaSchool of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, mu.edu.et.
Teklu Hailu AbaySchool of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, mu.edu.et.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5564-8954

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Potassium bromate (KBrO Objective of Study: The goal of this study is to develop and validate a sensitive, selective, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for detecting and measuring KBrO Methodology: A reverse-phase HPLC method was developed and optimized using the central composite design (CCD) expert. Chromatographic analysis was performed on a C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer. The method was validated following the ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. Fifteen commercial bread samples were collected from each subcity of Mekelle and analyzed using the developed method. Results: The developed method demonstrated excellent linearity, precision, and accuracy, with recovery rates between 96% and 99%. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.015 mg/kg. Bromate residues were detected in all bread samples, with concentrations ranging from 4.5 to 9.15 mg/kg, which is significantly higher than the WHO/FDA safety limit of 0.02 mg/kg. Conclusion: The validated HPLC method provides a reliable and accurate tool for routine monitoring of KBrO

Indexed as

central composite designHPLCmethod development and validationpotassium bromateprocessed breadquality by design

Identifiers

PMID42170100
PMCPMC13189449

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.