ArticleJournal of ophthalmology2026
Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Refraction Disorders in Children and Adolescents From 2010 to 2021.
Article in Journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Refraction Disorders in Children and Adolescents From 2010 to 2021.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This analysis investigates the trends in prevalence and disability attributable to refractive disorders among children and adolescents worldwide from 2010 to 2021, using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. Materials and Methods: Data on prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) were extracted from the GBD 2021 repository. The sociodemographic index (SDI) was derived from World Bank datasets. Analytical methods included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and linear regression. Results: Between 2010 and 2021, a modest global decline was observed in both the prevalence and YLD rates of refractive disorders, with estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of -0.193 and -0.191, respectively. The burden was consistently greater in females compared to males. The most pronounced decrease occurred in the 15-19 age cohorts. Contrarily, an upward trend was noted in the majority of nations and regions. Tropical Latin America recorded the highest YLD rates, whereas East Asia experienced the most rapid increase. Regions with middle-high SDI demonstrated a significant rise in both prevalence and YLDs. Conclusion: Although the global burden of refractive disorders diminished over the study period, especially among older adolescents, disparities persisted. Females carried a disproportionately higher burden, and middle-high SDI regions exhibited an increasing trend, underscoring the necessity for targeted public health strategies in vision care.
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