Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42169692›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2026

Systemic Embolic Events in People Who Inject Drugs With Patent Foramen Ovale and Right-Sided Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review.

Guillermo Cuervo, Supavit Chesdachai, Danielle Gerberi, Christopher V DeSimone, Abhishek J Deshmukh, José M Miró, Abdallah El Sabbagh, Daniel C DeSimone, Larry M Baddour

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Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Guillermo CuervoInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7075-943X
Supavit ChesdachaiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3507-6411
Danielle GerberiDepartment of Library Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1522-3915
Christopher V DeSimoneDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Abhishek J DeshmukhDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9560-1102
José M MiróInfectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-7755
Abdallah El SabbaghDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Daniel C DeSimoneDepartment of Medicine, Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-0283
Larry M BaddourDepartment of Medicine, Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4473-7077

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Knowing the prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and the increasing number of people who inject drugs (PWID) with right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE), we aimed to better characterize the syndrome of injection drug use, RSIE, and PFO with systemic embolic events. Method: A systematic search across multiple databases was independently screened using predefined criteria (from inception until September 2025). Published cases of adult PWID diagnosed with RSIE and ischemic stroke or other systemic embolic event were included, provided they had PFO assessment. Individuals were excluded if they had cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections or any other conditions associated with systemic or paradoxical embolism. Results: The review identified 13 studies with 14 young patients, mostly without comorbidities, predominantly infected with Conclusions: RSIE with systemic embolism in PWID with PFO has rarely been reported, affects younger patients without sex predominance, and was usually due to

Indexed as

patent foramen ovalepeople who inject drugsright-sided infective endocarditisstrokesystemic embolism

Identifiers

PMID42169692
PMCPMC13187832

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.