ArticleParasites & vectors2026
Development of a SAG1-based colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for rapid serological detection of swine Toxoplasma gondii.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundToxoplasmosis is a globally prevalent zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a parasite that infects nearly all warm-blooded animals, including humans, cats, and pigs. Beyond incurring substantial economic losses to the swine industry, T. gondii infection poses a severe threat to public health, as pigs, which are key intermediate hosts for T. gondii transmission, serve as a major source of human infection via the food chain. Thus, developing specific, sensitive, rapid, and easy-to-perform detection methods for porcine T. gondii is of paramount importance for the prevention, control, and eventual eradication of this pathogen in swine populations.
methodsTo address this need, a novel colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip (CGIS) was developed for the rapid serological detection of T. gondii infection in swine. The strip was constructed using recombinant surface antigen 1 (SAG1) expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system, which ensures that the protein retains native antigenic epitopes. The purified SAG1 protein was conjugated to colloidal gold nanoparticles and loaded onto a conjugate pad, while staphylococcal protein A and a polyclonal anti-SAG1 antibody were immobilized on a nitrocellulose membrane to form the test line (T line) and control line (C line), respectively.
resultsClinical validation demonstrated that the developed CGIS exhibits high specificity, with no cross-reactivity to sera positive for 13 common porcine pathogens. The strip achieved a visual limit of detection of 1:25,600 dilution of positive serum. In parallel, a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit yielded positive results up to a 1:800 dilution according to the manufacturer's diagnostic cutoff. Importantly, evaluation of 300 clinical porcine serum samples demonstrated a 98.3% concordance rate with the reference microscopic agglutination test.
conclusionsThis SAG1-based CGIS provides a practical, user-friendly tool for large-scale surveillance and on-farm screening of porcine toxoplasmosis, thereby offering potential support for the prevention and control of T. gondii infection in pigs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.