ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2026
Stone composition and clinical characteristics of pediatric urolithiasis between Tibetan and non-Tibetan populations in Western China.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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- Authors' reply to: "Optimizing urine output definitions and severity adjustments in neonatal AKI research".Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundThis study compared urinary stone composition and clinical characteristics between Tibetan and non-Tibetan children in Western China.
methodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 237 children (aged 0-14 years) with urolithiasis hospitalized at West China Hospital (2008-2023). Stone composition was analyzed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Independent associations were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, alongside a sensitivity analysis restricting controls to Han Chinese (N = 198).
resultsA total of 237 children were included (Tibetan, n = 121; non-Tibetan, n = 116). Calcium oxalate was the most frequently identified component in both groups (84.0%). Ammonium urate was significantly more prevalent among Tibetan children (35.5% vs. 14.7%, P < 0.001), with this disparity most pronounced among males (38.9% vs. 17.7%, P = 0.004) and toddlers (47.2% vs. 10.3%, P = 0.003). In multivariable logistic regression, Tibetan ethnicity was independently associated with the ammonium urate component across all models (adjusted OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.12-4.80, P = 0.023). The sensitivity analysis restricted to Han Chinese and Tibetan children (N = 198) yielded consistent and stronger effect estimates (adjusted OR 4.10, 95% CI 1.47-11.49, P = 0.007). Tibetan children also exhibited lower Prognostic Nutritional Index scores (P = 0.004) and serum uric acid levels (P = 0.002) across analyses.
conclusionTibetan children exhibit a distinct urolithiasis profile with elevated prevalence of ammonium urate. This association, most pronounced in young children and males, may reflect nutritional and environmental factors linked to high-altitude residence, underscoring the need for ethnicity-informed prevention strategies.
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