ArticleClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2026
From Classical PKPD to Model-Informed Drug Development: Are "Digital Twins" a New Paradigm?
Article in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Clinical Pharmacology at the Point of Decision.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Quantitative pharmacology has guided drug development for decades, turning concentration and response data into mechanistic models that support dosing, trial design, and regulatory decisions. Model-informed drug development (MIDD) did not replace pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PKPD) modeling so much as formalize it across the lifecycle. Today, "digital twins" are often promoted as a new paradigm, yet most proposed features mirror established pharmacometrics: individual-level simulation, sequential updating, and decision-focused uncertainty analysis. The fundamentals remain unchanged, and identifiability still sets hard limits.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.