Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42166533›Full record

ArticleCancer science2026

Neutrophil-Macrophage Interactions Shape Inflammatory Macrophage Remodeling in Gastric Cancer During Chemo-Immunotherapy.

Keita H Nagaoka, Hiroki Yamashita, Chiaki Mashima, Guoqiang Zhang, Hitoshi Saito, Tatsunori Minamide, Takuya Nakatsuru, Ryo Kamata, Shunsuke A Sakai, Gaku Yamamoto and 15 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Keita H NagaokaDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Hiroki YamashitaDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Chiaki MashimaDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Guoqiang ZhangAstellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Hitoshi SaitoDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Tatsunori MinamideDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Takuya NakatsuruDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2472-7366
Ryo KamataDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Shunsuke A SakaiDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Gaku YamamotoDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Tomoko Y MoritaDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Kazuki NakaiDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Yumi HakozakiDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Kumi KinoshitaDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Yui TakahashiDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Izuma NakayamaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4987-1934
Akihito KawazoeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8632-3748
Sai M PulukuriAstellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Yuko IshiiAstellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Hiroshi HaenoDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Yukie KashimaDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Kohei ShitaraDepartment of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5196-3630
Tomonori YanoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-1449
Takeshi SaitoAstellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Akihiro OhashiDivision of Collaborative Research and Developments, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4036-9385

Funding

Astellas PharmaJapan Society for the Promotion of Science 20H03541Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20KK0187Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 25K02540Takeda Science Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment (TME) in gastric cancer (GC) is a dynamic ecosystem where immune, stromal, and malignant cells influence therapeutic outcomes. Although macrophages and neutrophils are key regulators of the TME, their coordinated responses to distinct treatments remain unclear. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on GC biopsy specimens from treatment-naïve (TN) patients, as well as patients treated with chemotherapy (C), chemotherapy plus nivolumab (CN), or chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (CT). Comparative analyses revealed marked remodeling of the myeloid compartment, particularly involving the CN group. Neutrophils in the CN group exhibited transcriptional reprogramming, characterized by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression, inflammatory activation, and enrichment of maturation-related signatures. Pseudotime and ligand-receptor analyses identified neutrophils as a prominent sender of signals communicating with macrophages via chemokine and cytokine signaling. These neutrophil-derived signals promoted macrophage polarization toward a CXCL10

Indexed as

MacrophagesNeutrophilsStomach NeoplasmsAnimalsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCell Line, TumorFemaleHumansImmunotherapyMaleMiceNivolumabOxaliplatinTrastuzumabTumor MicroenvironmentNivolumabOxaliplatinTrastuzumabgastric cancermacrophageneutrophilscRNA‐seqtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42166533
PMCPMC13394609

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.