ArticleAIDS and behavior2026
County-Level New HIV Diagnoses, Social Determinants of Health, and Residential Segregation by U.S. Region 2013 to 2023: A Longitudinal Analysis.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Health disparities persist along the HIV care continuum. As new HIV diagnoses are a key indicator of the HIV epidemic, we aimed to assess associations of the social determinants of health (SDOH; non-medical factors that are related to health outcomes) and residential segregation, as a proxy for systemic racism, with new HIV diagnosis rates across the major regions of the United States. Publicly available county-level data (i.e., 2013-2023) from an interactive visualization and mapping tool of the HIV epidemic (AIDSVu) and the American Community Survey (ACS) were merged using Federal Information Processing System (FIPS) codes and categorized into four U.S. regions. A Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) model was run, within each region, to explore the associations between the SDOH, residential segregation, and new HIV diagnoses, over time. Overall, 3,051 counties (97.04%, n = 3,051/3,144) across the four major regions of the U.S. were included in the analysis (i.e., South = 1,398, North = 207, West = 408, Midwest = 1,038). By region, counties with a higher proportion of males aged 18-34 (South: IRR = 1.02, p < 0.001), males aged 35-54 (South: 1.06, West: 1.07, Midwest: 1.13, p < 0.001), Black populations (South: 1.38, North: 1.16, West: 2.78, p < 0.001; Midwest: 1.61, p < 0.01), and individuals experiencing poverty (West: 1.24, p < 0.01; Midwest: 1.78, p < 0.05), or without health insurance (South: 1.02, p < 0.001) were associated with higher rates of new HIV diagnoses. Dimensions of residential segregation (i.e., Gini Index, Delta Index, Spatial Proximity Index) were found to be, primarily, positively associated with new HIV diagnoses in all regions. Two interaction terms were found, Black x Delta (South: 0.91, p < 0.001; West: 0.89, North: 0.81, p < 0.05) and Poverty x Gini (Midwest: 0.62, p < 0.001). Overall, these findings demonstrate ongoing disparities in vulnerabilized populations and an increased likelihood of new HIV diagnoses within counties with higher residential segregation, leading to a call for structural interventions and policy that address systemic racism and subsequent, negative health outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42165949What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.