ArticlePest management science2026
Rice dwarf virus upregulates the odorant receptor co-receptor of Nephotettix cincticeps to enhance perception of 2-heptanol emitted from virus-infected rice and promote its transmission.
Article in Pest management science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundInsect odorant receptor co-receptors (Orcos) are pivotal for insect perception of host plant volatiles. We previously found that 2-heptanol-released from rice dwarf virus (RDV)-infected rice plants-repels viruliferous green rice leafhoppers (GRLHs, Nephotettix cincticeps), redirecting them to feed on RDV-free plants and thereby facilitating viral spread. However, whether Orco in N. cincticeps (NcinOrco) influences the detection of this repellent volatile and contributes to viral transmission remains unknown.
resultsHere, we found that NcinOrco contains seven transmembrane domains and is phylogenetically conserved. Expression profiling revealed that NcinOrco exhibits antennal-predominant expression (~5-fold) that is significantly upregulated upon RDV acquisition (~2-fold). Crucially, RNAi-mediated silencing of NcinOrco abolished the repellent behavioral response of viruliferous GRLHs (VG) to 2-heptanol (mean number of VG to paraffin oil versus 2-heptanol: dsGFP, 9.0 versus 4.4, P < 0.001; dsNcinOrco, 7.4 versus 7.0, P > 0.05), eliminated preference for RDV-free plants (mean number of VG on RDV-free versus RDV-infected: dsGFP, 9.5 versus 5.1, P < 0.001; dsNcinOrco, 7.8 versus 7.0, P > 0.05), and impaired RDV transmission efficiency (mean transmission rates on MH63 versus MH63 + 2-heptanol: dsGFP, 76% versus 35%, P < 0.001; dsNcinOrco, 51% versus 52%, P > 0.05).
conclusionOur results indicate that NcinOrco is essential for detecting a key host-emitted repellent volatile, revealing how a plant virus may alter a core olfactory component to modify vector behavior and aid its transmission. Together, these findings contribute to the understanding of insect chemoreception under pathogenic stress and highlight a potential molecular interface in plant-virus-vector interactions. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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