Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42165132›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2026

Enhanced splicing modulation by NMA-modified antisense oligonucleotides.

Karen Ling, Thazha P Prakash, Jinghua Yu, Michaela Jackson, Seung J Chun, Gemma Bachmann, Noah Post, Sarah Greenlee, Armand Soriano, John L Hunyara and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Karen LingIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5895-6684
Thazha P PrakashIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7466-3312
Jinghua YuIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Michaela JacksonIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Seung J ChunIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Gemma BachmannIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Noah PostIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Sarah GreenleeIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Armand SorianoIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
John L HunyaraIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Daniel A NorrisIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Paymaan Jafar-NejadIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Eric E SwayzeIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
C Frank BennettIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.
Frank RigoIonis Pharmaceuticals Inc., 2855 Gazelle Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92010, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6467-3309

Funding

IONIS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aberrant RNA splicing contributes to many human diseases, and splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides are ideally suited as a therapeutic strategy to modulate splicing and restore normal gene expression. Nusinersen (Spinraza™) has revolutionized the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy. It is a splice-switching oligonucleotide (SSO) modified with 2'-O-methoxyethyl (MOE). Here, we evaluate a next-generation ribose modification, 2'-O-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] (NMA), which enhances the pharmacological properties of SSOs. We identified a long-lasting NMA-modified human candidate SSO, salanersen, that is three to four-fold more potent than nusinersen in human SMN2 transgenic mice. To evaluate the generality of the NMA chemistry, we applied it to modulation of SCN1A exon 20N splicing, a therapeutic strategy for Dravet syndrome. An NMA-modified SSO is 3.5 -fold more potent than STK-001, a MOE-modified SSO currently in clinical trials. Our data establish the NMA chemistry as a broadly applicable ribose modification that markedly improves the pharmacological profile of SSOs, supporting its development as a next-generation platform for splicing modulation therapies.

Indexed as

OligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseRNA SplicingAnimalsExonsHumansMiceMice, TransgenicSurvival of Motor Neuron 2 ProteinnusinersenOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseSMN2 protein, humanSurvival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein

Identifiers

PMID42165132
PMCPMC13191285

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.