Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42165109›Full record

ArticleGlobal health action2026

Reconfiguring retention: a qualitative exploration of the lived experiences of female nurses in an arid rural setting in Turkana County, Kenya.

Sif Sofie Vange, Mathilde Vraa-Jensen, Emma Borre Andersen, Lasse X Jensen, Micah Matiang'i, Hesborn Wao, Siv Steffen Nygaard, Jane Brandt Sørensen

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Article in Global health action, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sif Sofie VangeGlobal Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-9115-2023
Mathilde Vraa-JensenGlobal Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0003-3477-7408
Emma Borre AndersenGlobal Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-4963-7112
Lasse X JensenGlobal Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-0458-6534
Micah Matiang'iSchool of Medical Sciences, Amref International University, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0003-3202-3066
Hesborn WaoIndividual Capacity Strengthening, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0002-6823-0895
Siv Steffen NygaardSocial & Humanitarian, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-8994-2181
Jane Brandt SørensenGlobal Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-1702-280X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRetention is especially critical in rural and underserved areas of East Africa, such as Turkana County in Kenya, where resource limitations, harsh conditions, and a lack of professional development opportunities deter nurses from staying. In addition, female nurses face unique challenges shaped by systemic inequities and gendered expectations, influencing their retention.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to explore factors influencing retention of female nurses in Turkana and to offer new perspectives on the concept of retention from underserved regions in East Africa.

methodsThis quasi-ethnographic study was conducted in an arid rural setting in Turkana, in 2024. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 21 female nurses and 8 local health administrators and through participant observations at 4 health facilities. We used thematic network analysis guided by an abductive approach.

resultsFemale nurses in Turkana navigate a paradox of staff shortages alongside high unemployment, leaving many feeling stuck in occupational limbo or permanent liminality, hoping, and working toward better opportunities for themselves and their families. Although the motivation to work as nurses persists, challenging working conditions lead many to aspire to migrate abroad.

conclusionThis study demonstrates the complex interplay of local and global dynamics driving retention of female nurses in Turkana. Perceived workforce stability is largely due to immobility caused by limited alternatives and systemic constraints. This immobility masks dissatisfaction, making the healthcare system in Turkana vulnerable to outmigration. Findings highlight the need for holistic, gender-sensitive policies that enhance rural career pathways for female nurses.

Indexed as

NursesPersonnel TurnoverRural Health ServicesAdultAnthropology, CulturalBrain DrainFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicKenyaQualitative ResearchWorking ConditionsEast AfricaEthnographynursingoutmigrationworkforce mobility

Identifiers

PMID42165109
PMCPMC13195705

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.