Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42165016›Full record

ArticleEvidence-based practice in child and adolescent mental health2026

Addressing Disparities: A Pragmatic Comparative Effectiveness Trial of School-Based Executive Functioning Interventions.

Laura G Anthony, Lauren Kenworthy, Alyssa Verbalis, Jonathan Safer-Lichtenstein, Kristina K Hardy, Allison B Ratto, Cara Pugliese, John F Strang, Yetta Myrick, Sydney Seese and 8 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Evidence-based practice in child and adolescent mental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03003286 (Community Based Intervention for Children With ADHD and ASD), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03003286 nacompletednot on this map

Community Based Intervention for Children With ADHD and ASD

TypeinterventionalSponsorLauren KenworthyRan2014 to 2017Enrolled148ConditionsAutism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder, Executive FunctionArmsUnstuck and on Target (UOT), Parents and Teachers Supporting Students (PATSS)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Laura G AnthonyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Lauren KenworthyNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Alyssa VerbalisNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Jonathan Safer-LichtensteinDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Kristina K HardyNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Allison B RattoNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Cara PuglieseNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
John F StrangNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Yetta MyrickNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Sydney SeeseNeuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Lynn CannonThe Ivymount School and Programs, Potomac, MD, USA.
Monica Adler WernerMonica Werner Counseling, Washington, DC, USA.
Katie AlexanderOccupational Therapy Institute, La Mesa, CA, USA.
Daniel Q NaimanDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Mary TroxelDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Tennyson DahlmanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Bruno J AnthonyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Susan K Mikulich-GilbertsonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.

Funding

NEUROIMAGING COREP30HD040677 · NICHD · CHILDREN'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI MCCARTER, ROBERT JAMES · 2001 to 2015
$15.9M
Development of Psychopathology, Psychobiology, & BehaviorT32MH015442 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI JASON R TREGELLAS · 1985 to 2026
$10.2M
Postdoctoral Training in Developmental Disabilities ResearchT32HD046388 · NICHD · CHILDREN'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI VITTORIO GALLO, VITTORIO GALLO VITTORIO GALLO · 2006 to 2016
$1.5M
NICHD NIH HHS P30 HD040677NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD046388NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH015442
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Executive functioning challenges, including difficulties with flexible thinking, goal setting and planning, are common among neurodivergent children, especially those identified with autism and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Executive functioning problems are linked to poorer academic achievement and are exacerbated by poverty. Importantly, executive functioning is responsive to intervention. Objective: This pragmatic study compared the effectiveness of two school-based executive functioning interventions for children with autism and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Title 1 (low-income-serving) school settings to improve accessibility of effective interventions. Methods: 148 children (82% male) in 3rd-5th grades were cluster-randomized by school ( Results: Both interventions were implemented with high fidelity and were well-liked by children and parents, with Unstuck receiving higher acceptability ratings. Child executive functioning improved across both interventions and on all outcomes. There was limited moderation by income, and outcomes improved following intervention, even after accounting for income. Conclusions: School staff can effectively deliver both Unstuck and Parents and Teachers Supporting Students in low-income community schools to improve executive functioning. These accessible, low-cost options address income-based health disparities by providing an alternative to clinic-based care. The interventions show promise for broader applications in schools. Clinical Trials registry: Community Based Intervention for Children with ADHD and ASD; clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03003286) 9/13/2014.

Identifiers

PMID42165016
PMCPMC13186250

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.