ArticleJSAMS plus2023
Head impact events in youth football in India and Australia, compared to FIFA Men's World Cup matches.
Article in JSAMS plus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mapping the existence and content of heading coaching documents across FIFA members associations.JSAMS plus · 2026Article
- Potential head injuries in men's football, futsal and beach soccer: Distinct exposure-adjusted frequency and patterns from a comparative video analysis.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Article
- Incidence of Head Contact Events Including Headers, and Potential Head Injuries at the FIFA Futsal World Cup Lithuania 2021.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025Article
- Differences in the technical performance of heading between men and women football players during FIFA World Cup 2022 and FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 matches.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2024Article
- 2023 Recap and Future Directions.JSAMS plus · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This observational study compared incidence and characteristics of head impact events in matches in male youth under-18 football within Australia and India, to the Men's FIFA World Cup™ (FWC). Methods: Ten match videos from Australia, India and the 2018 FWC (total n = 30) were coded for head impact events (purposeful headers and unintentional head impacts), match result as well as incidence rates (IR) per 1000 match-hours for heading performance characteristics. One-Way ANOVAs were conducted to assess statistical significance of heading IR and other characteristics. Results: Purposeful headers (n = 2734) were the most common head impact event (97%) with significantly more headers being completed by players from India (IR:3239) compared to Australia (IR: 2096) and FWC (IR: 2509). Most headers were completed during free play, via contact with the players forehead. Heading duels were more common in FWC matches (32%), than those in Australia (23%) or India (19%) (p < 0.001). More headers occurred in the centre of the pitch (range 36-48%), with centre-backs completing the most headers across all groups (range 30-33%). Winning teams in India performed more headers from set-pieces than losing teams (p < 0.001). In FWC matches, winning teams performed more headers in the defensive third compared to losing teams (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Despite similar heading characteristics across both U18 groups and the FWC, players in India recorded higher heading incidence, suggesting that heading guidelines would benefit from being country and age specific.
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