ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Immunometabolic control of cytokine production by micronutrients in health, aging, and inflammation.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enhanced Metabolic Risks in Patients with Obesity and Nutritional Deficiencies in the U.S.: A TriNetX Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Beyond a Surface Marker: The Multifaceted Role of CD38 in Metabolic Disruption and Tumor Progression.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- Vitamin DApplied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Commentary: Immunometabolic control of cytokine production by micronutrients in health, aging, and inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Micronutrients serve as critical metabolic sensors and epigenetic regulators that orchestrate cytokine production through multiple overlapping signalling cascades, transcriptional networks, and cellular metabolic states. This comprehensive review synthesizes recent research demonstrating that micronutrient status regulates cytokine biology at five hierarchical levels: (i) nutrient sensing via mTORC1/GCN2 and amino acid sensor networks; (ii) transcriptional control through VDR/RARα-mediated epigenetic remodelling and histone deacetylase inhibition; (iii) redox signalling via SELENOK/selenoprotein-stabilized calcium homeostasis and Nrf2/ARE pathway activation; (iv) Pyroptosis/ferroptosis execution via metallothionein-zinc-caspase axes and NLRP3/GSDMD regulation; and (v) metabolic bioenergetics through NAD+/CD38/SIRT-mediated immune cell differentiation and aging. Recent discoveries establish that vitamin D directly suppresses IL-22 through repressive VDREs independent aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signalling, zinc-metallothionein-3 that suppresses non-canonical inflammasome activation via TRIF-IRF3-STAT1 modulation, selenium-dependent SELENOK which stabilizes IP3 receptor-mediated store-operated calcium entry in immune cells, and folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism generating S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) that tunes epigenetic landscapes of cytokine genes. This review compiles the integrated mechanistic frameworks linking micronutrient availability to immunometabolic checkpoints, with implications for nutritional immunotherapy in chronic inflammatory diseases and immune-senescence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.