Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42164259›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)

Reframing Alzheimer's disease as a complex adaptive system: More than an amyloid beta-tau connection.

Maurizio Giorelli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Maurizio GiorelliOperative Unit of Neurology ASL BT Barletta Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-7063

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, but simple models focusing on amyloid beta and tau only partially explain its variability and limited success in treatment. Evidence from systems biology, neuroimmunology, connectomics, and computational modeling supports viewing AD as a complex adaptive system, a multiscale network in which genetic, molecular, cellular, vascular, and environmental factors interact in complex, non-linear ways over time. In this perspective, disease paths develop from feedback-driven instabilities that spread across different levels, while resilience and compensatory mechanisms influence individual outcomes. This new understanding has important implications: diagnostic approaches should shift from static lesion biomarkers to longitudinal, multimodal measures of network states; treatments should combine pharmacological, metabolic, vascular, inflammatory, cognitive, and neuromodulatory strategies; and adaptive, model-informed algorithms should customize the timing and dosage to each patient's unique dynamics. Recognizing the complexity enables earlier detection of critical tipping points, targeted reinforcement of resilience, and personalized intervention plans, shifting AD care from late-stage, single-target methods to precision network medicine.

Indexed as

adaptive systemsAlzheimer's diseasecomplexity sciencenetwork dynamicspatient‐centered careprecision medicineresilience

Identifiers

PMID42164259
PMCPMC13183495

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.