ArticleVeterinary research2026
Natural polymorphisms in the bovine leukemia virus microRNA cluster modulate miRNA expression and host regulatory pathways.
Article in Veterinary research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) encodes a cluster of viral microRNAs (miRNAs) that remain abundantly expressed during latency, when viral protein production is restricted. Naturally occurring single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within this locus are common, yet their functional consequences for miRNA output and host gene regulation remain poorly defined. Peripheral blood leukocytes from 53 naturally BLV-infected cattle were analyzed, and the 554-nt BLV miRNA locus was amplified and sequenced. Field-derived variants containing mutations within RNA polymerase III promoter motifs, seed regions, and termination signals were selected for functional evaluation. Reference and variant loci were co-expressed with a BLVΔ-miRNA infectious clone in HEK293T cells under controlled conditions. Mature miRNA levels were quantified by stem-loop reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and global host transcriptional responses were assessed using oligonucleotide microarrays. Predicted miRNA targets were identified using bioinformatic analyses. Sequence analysis identified 84 polymorphic sites, with a substantial proportion mapping to Pol III regulatory elements and seed regions. Variant loci displayed altered accumulation of selected mature miRNAs and shifts in predicted seed-dependent target repertoires. Transcriptome profiling revealed variant-associated modulation of innate immune-signaling components, interferon-responsive genes, antigen-presentation pathways, tumor-suppressor networks, and extracellular matrix-related processes. Enrichment analysis demonstrated a statistically significant overlap between predicted miRNA targets and downregulated transcripts. Natural polymorphisms within the BLV miRNA cluster modulate miRNA expression and are associated with distinct host regulatory signatures in a controlled experimental system. These findings suggest that sequence variation in the viral miRNA locus may contribute to differential host-virus interactions and influence mechanisms supporting viral persistence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.