ArticleBMC veterinary research2026
Hormonal superstimulation strategies for laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) in prepubertal Holstein-Friesian calves: a comparison of FSH and FSH/LH regimens.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundLaparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) combined with IVF allows embryos to be derived from sexually immature heifers as young as 2 months old. An essential step in this procedure is hormonal stimulation to enable the growth of ovarian follicles that can be punctured. Developing the right stimulation protocol is necessary to obtain an adequate, repeatable response of the ovaries to the hormonal stimulation used. The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of the FSH/LH mixture for ovarian follicle superstimulation in calves.
methodsThe study was conducted on eighteen calves aged 2 to 4 months, weighing between 62.5 and 112 kg. The animals were divided into 3 groups of 6 individuals and subjected to 3 days of hormonal stimulation via intramuscular injection at 12-hour intervals prior to the procedure: group I with follicle-stimulating hormone FSH (total dose of 168 IU FSH), group II with FSH/LH (total dose of 240 IU FSH/LH), and group III with a reduced dose of FSH/LH (total dose of 165 IU FSH/LH). Simultaneously, progesterone-releasing vaginal inserts were also used. Laparoscopic aspiration of oocytes was performed under general anesthesia. The fluid was evaluated under a stereoscopic microscope to locate oocyte-cumulus complexes.
resultsAs a result of the use of superstimulation protocols, a statistically significant difference in the number of ovarian follicles was observed, with an average of 87.7 ± 29.2, 25.7 ± 4.1, and 21.2 ± 4.9 for the FSH/LH (total dose 240 IU), reduced FSH/LH, and FSH groups, respectively. The number of oocytes retrieved was 12.7 ± 4.7, 32.8 ± 7.6, 12.3 ± 2.1 for the FSH, FSH/LH, and reduced FSH/LH dose groups, respectively. A statistically significant difference in the % of oocyte retrieval relative to the number of follicles was demonstrated, and it was: 59.4 ± 14.9%, 48.8 ± 8.6%, 39.9 ± 10.1% for the FSH, FSH/LH low dose, and FSH/LH groups, respectively.
conclusionsThe FSH/LH-based calf superstimulation protocol, causes a very intense ovarian response. The proposed protocol for hormonal stimulation of calves will increase the possibility of wider application of the LOPU procedure and support early genetic selection in cattle.
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