ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2026
Triglyceride-glucose body mass index and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes: a sex-stratified cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The triglyceride-glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI), which integrates insulin resistance and adiposity, may improve MASLD risk stratification, but evidence in hospitalized T2DM patients remains limited.
methodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study included 324 hospitalized adults with T2DM. MASLD was assessed by abdominal ultrasonography. TyG-BMI was calculated as TyG index × BMI and compared with conventional metabolic indices using receiver operating characteristic analysis, multivariable logistic regression, spline modelling, reclassification metrics, subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Testosterone-related analyses were performed in male patients.
resultsMASLD was identified in 182 patients. TyG-BMI showed the highest discrimination for MASLD, with an area under the curve of 0.821 (95% CI: 0.775-0.866), outperforming TyG, BMI, atherogenic index of plasma, and hepatic steatosis index. The optimal cut-off was 227.22, with 75.1% sensitivity and 78.7% specificity. In the fully adjusted model, TyG-BMI remained independently associated with MASLD as a continuous variable and across quartiles; patients in the highest quartile had markedly higher odds of MASLD than those in the lowest quartile. TyG-BMI also improved reclassification beyond TyG alone. In men, testosterone was inversely correlated with TyG-BMI and showed a nonlinear association with MASLD risk.
conclusionsTyG-BMI showed better non-invasive discrimination for MASLD than conventional metabolic indices in hospitalized patients with T2DM. As a readily available marker integrating insulin resistance and adiposity, TyG-BMI may be useful for first-line MASLD risk stratification in endocrinology inpatient settings. Testosterone-related findings in men were exploratory and warrant prospective validation. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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