ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Primary causes of hospital admission in HTLV-1 infected patients: infectious complications, predictors of mortality and long-term survival outcomes.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a globally prevalent retrovirus associated with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Despite substantial research, the high mortality risk among HTLV-1 carriers remains poorly understood.
objectiveThis study aimed to identify primary causes of hospital admission, predictors of mortality, and long-term survival outcomes in HTLV-1-infected patients.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in two referral hospitals in Mashhad, Iran, from 2011 to 2022, including 308 adult HTLV-1-infected patients. Hospital admissions, clinical outcomes, and mortality predictors were analyzed. Survival analysis was performed on 95 patients who completed follow-up.
resultsAmong the 308 patients, a total of 582 hospital admissions were evaluated. The median age of the patients was 55 years, and 61.4% were female. The primary causes of hospitalization were infectious complications (23.7%), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) (14.8%), and adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) (12.5%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 16.8%, with 98 patients succumbing during their hospital stay. Among patients discharged from the hospital, the median post-discharge survival was approximately 33 months. Factors significantly associated with in-hospital mortality included extended hospital stays, elevated leukocyte counts, high percentages of polymorphonuclear cells, thrombocytopenia, and co-infection with hepatitis B.
conclusionHTLV-1 infection is associated with high mortality during hospitalization and limited long-term survival after discharge, largely driven by infectious complications and co-infections such as hepatitis B. The substantial post-discharge mortality emphasizes the need for improved patient management and robust follow-up care to mitigate long-term mortality risk in this population. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.