ArticleBMC primary care2026
Primary care physicians' perspectives on managing mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in populations at risk for progression to severe disease: a survey-based study.
Article in BMC primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAntiviral medications are recommended for outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 at risk for complications. We evaluated the knowledge of primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and its treatment in outpatients at risk for progression to severe disease.
methodsIn this survey-based study, PCPs answered 15 closed-ended questions regarding COVID-19 and its treatment. The predefined sample size was 150.
resultsOverall, 150 PCPs completed the questionnaire between 9/2024 and 10/2024; 3.3%, 14.0%, 26.0%, and 56.7% of responders had 0-5, 6-10, 11-20, and ≥ 21 years of medical practice experience, respectively. Overall, 98.0% of participants knew that COVID-19 is not a seasonal disease, 66.7% that COVID-19 poses significant risks for certain people, 32.7% knew the number of COVID-19 deaths in Israel in 2023 was > 500, and only 17.3% read the report published by the Ministry of Health (MoH) showing an increase in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations in the preceding 2 months. Additionally, only 48.0% were familiar with the MoH recommendations reported that, for treating mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in ambulatory patients at risk of progression to severe disease, they would prescribe antiviral medications. When given a specific case (80-year-old, mild symptoms), only 60.7% would prescribe antiviral treatment. Moreover, 48.7% would recommend an antigen test to patients with COVID-19-like symptoms. Most participants (90.7%) were aware of the differences between the various antiviral medications; 79.3% knew about the efficacy of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and only 76.7% had some experience with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir. Interestingly, 40.0% responded that drug-drug interactions with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir deter them from using it, and 32.0% were not familiar with tools for managing drug-drug interactions. Lastly, nearly half (47.3%) were not familiar with the recommendations of international health authorities regarding antiviral treatments for COVID-19.
conclusionsOur study demonstrated gaps in knowledge and awareness regarding COVID-19 burden, treatment, antiviral medications, guidelines for managing mild-to-severe disease, and the handling of relevant drug-drug interactions. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions and improved clinical decision-support tools to facilitate timely and appropriate diagnosis and antiviral use, prevent underdiagnosis, enhance adherence to treatment guidelines, and reduce complications.
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