ArticleBMC immunology2026
Genetic susceptibility and HLA association in autoimmune hepatitis among Yemeni patients.
Article in BMC immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic, immune-mediated liver disease characterized by the progressive destruction of hepatocytes, often leading to cirrhosis and liver failure. Genetic predisposition, particularly the involvement of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, is well-documented in the pathogenesis of AIH. However, the specific HLA associations in the Yemeni population remain unexplored, despite increasing clinical evidence of AIH in this region.
objectiveThis study aims to elucidate the distribution of HLA class alleles in Yemeni patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with AIH and assess their association with disease susceptibility, contributing to the growing body of immunogenetic research in Middle Eastern populations.
methodsThis case-control study included 93 AIH patients and 280 healthy controls (total N = 373), all of Yemeni origin. We conducted high-resolution HLA typing and compared the frequencies of HLA alleles with global data. Allelic distributions were analyzed for associations with AIH susceptibility, and findings were interpreted in the context of previously identified genetic markers of autoimmune liver disease.
resultsThe most frequent allele in Yemeni AIH patients was HLA-DRB1*03:01 (42.5% vs. 15.5% in controls, OR = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.8-5.8, p = 0.01), followed by HLA-DRB1*04:01 (21.5% vs. 16.9%, OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1-2.0, p = 0.04) and HLA-A*02 (31.7% vs. 27.9%, OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.3, p = 0.001). Protective alleles such as HLA-DRB1*13:01 were significantly more frequent in controls (13.2% vs. 3.8%, OR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.1-0.6, p = 0.001). Our results demonstrate a genetic predisposition to AIH in Yemen, primarily associated with the HLA-DRB1*03:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:01 alleles. The observed distribution aligns with international trends but also reveals distinct ethnic-specific patterns that warrant further investigation.
conclusionThis study highlights the critical role of HLA-DRB1* alleles, particularly DRB1*03:01 and DRB1*04:01, in the genetic susceptibility to AIH in the Yemeni population. These findings not only enhance the understanding of genetic factors in AIH but also establish a foundation for future immunogenetic research in the Middle East. The identification of region-specific HLA associations could inform both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AIH in Yemen and similar populations. This study was restricted to adults (≥ 18 years); therefore, findings may not apply to pediatric AIH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.