ArticleBMC plant biology2026
Diversification of plant specific organellar single-stranded DNA binding genes and their roles in mitochondrial genome rearrangements in Arabidopsis and rice.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundOrganelle genome stability is essential for plant development and adaptation. Recombination of repetitive sequences in plant mitochondrial genomes is a key factor influencing this stability and is tightly regulated by nuclear-encoded proteins, including plant-specific organellar single-stranded DNA-binding (OSB) proteins. However, the evolutionary history and overall impact of OSB genes on organellar genome stability remain poorly understood.
resultsHere, we identified 182 OSB genes from 59 species across major plant clades. Seed plant OSB genes formed three phylogenetic groups with varying numbers of conserved PDF domains, while chlorophytes, streptophytes, bryophytes, lycophytes, ferns lay outside these groups with lower copies. Using high-fidelity (HiFi) long-read sequencing, we examined the effects of OSB deficiency on organellar genome stability in both eudicots (Arabidopsis) and monocots (rice). In Arabidopsis osb1 and osb4, and rice osb1 mutants, recombination increased at a subset of nearly identical mitochondrial medium-sized repeats but decreased at repeats longer than 1 kb. These repeats displayed asymmetric accumulation of conformations, and a shift in the dominant genome conformation was also observed in some individuals. Moreover, different regions of the mutant mitochondrial genomes showed uneven HiFi read coverage.
conclusionsOur findings highlight important roles of OSB genes in regulating the stability of plant mitochondrial genomes.
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