Assessment of the effect of paclobutrazol treatment on the activity of genes related to flavonoid synthesis in Brassica napus under salt stress conditions.

The samples were under the influence of the treatment with pyrrolizine. Salinity adversely impacts oilseed production by leading to excessive salt accumulation and degrading soil structure. In rapeseed, salinity specifically hinders germination and the growth of aerial organs while also reducing the production of flavonoids and anthocyanins. Recent research has demonstrated that paclobutrazol treatment can enhance cellular activities under environmental stress. Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of paclobutrazol on the molecular mechanisms related to the synthesis of flavonoids, as one of the most important natural polyphenolic compounds. In this study, after applying salinity stress, the samples were under the influence of the treatment with paclobutrazol. The results of the expression evaluation of flavonoid synthesis-related genes production (MYB111 and MYB12) showed that paclobutrazol treatment had a significant effect on increasing the expression of these genes. The findings of this study also indicated that paclobutrazol treatment, in addition to reducing the negative effects of salinity, significantly increased the production of anthocyanins and the growth of plant aerial organs. MDA measures membrane damage from stress. SOD and POD are key antioxidant enzymes that protect plant cells from oxidative harm. Bioinformatics analyses of this study also showed that MYB111 and MYB12 genes have negative hydropathicity while interacting with a network of genes and transcription factors. These findings indicate that these genes, in addition to creating resistance to salinity stress, are also effective in reducing the effects of drought stress. This study's results indicate that applying paclobutrazol to oilseeds effectively prevents damage from salinity stress and reduces sodium ion accumulation in the plant structure.