ArticleBMC plant biology2026
Coupled regulation effects of sanqi-pine intercropping systems on soil fertility and heavy metals mediated by ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWhile the Sanqi-pine intercropping system enhances soil fertility and mitigates heavy metal accumulation, the dynamic interactions among soil properties, heavy metals, and microorganisms across different intercropping patterns and full growth stages remain poorly understood. Here, we established monoculture systems of Pinus armandii (Pa) and Pinus yunnanensis (Py), alongside their respective intercropping systems with Sanqi (PaS and PyS). Over a 24-month monitoring period, we determined key edaphic properties, heavy metal concentrations, and the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, aiming to systematically uncover the regulatory mechanisms underlying these interactions.
resultsBoth PaS and PyS systems significantly improved comprehensive soil fertility and effectively reduced the contents and pollution risks of heavy metals. The relative closeness of soil fertility increased by 19.35% and 18.18%, while the relative closeness of heavy metals decreased by 41.03% and 61.36% in the PaS and PyS systems, respectively. Notably, the pollution levels were all classified as GradeⅠ(clean/safe) in all the systems. Sensitivity analysis revealed that ammonium nitrogen (NH
conclusionThis study confirms that both PaS and PyS systems improve soil fertility and mitigate heavy metal risks, while the PyS system exhibits superior comprehensive performance under its environmental conditions. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for the ecologically safe cultivation of Sanqi and the sustainable management of soil health.
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