Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42163034›Full record

ArticlePest management science2026

Rational polymorph design to enhance isoxaflutole herbicidal performance and enable dosage reduction.

Wenchao Yang, Rui Yang, Wenjing Mo, Yifei Zhang, Qiang Bian, Liyin Shi, Xiaofang Niu, Jinyang Li, Jingxiang Yang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pest management science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wenchao Yang *State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5839-758X
Rui Yang *State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Wenjing MoState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Yifei ZhangState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Qiang BianState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8796-4264
Liyin ShiState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Xiaofang NiuState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Jinyang LiState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Jingxiang YangState Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-6668

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 63253160)Nankai University (No. 63181206)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD1700500)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22278230)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImproving herbicidal efficiency while avoiding excessive application remains a long-standing challenge for reducing the environmental footprint of modern agrochemicals. Isoxaflutole (IFT), a highly effective herbicide increasingly used with IFT-tolerant crops, has raised concerns because both IFT and its primary metabolite diketonitrile (DKN) have been detected in surface waters approaching regulatory thresholds. Here, we report a crystal chemistry strategy that intrinsically improves IFT performance without incorporating additional chemical components.

resultsA novel polymorph, designated as Form II, was developed through rational crystal-structure design guided by systematic analysis of the physicochemical and solid-state factors governing IFT behavior. Accessed via a solvent-free melt crystallization process, Form II exhibits greater chemical stability, aqueous solubility, and lipophilicity than the commercial Form I, collectively contributing to reduced environmental losses and enhanced plant uptake. Structural analysis reveals that the absence of intermolecular C-H···N contacts and lower lattice energy in Form II underpin its superior chemical stability and solubility. Bioassays against Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. demonstrate that Form II achieves two-fold higher efficacy in soil application (median effective dose (ED

conclusionThese findings highlight rational polymorph design as an effective, preventive, and atom-economic strategy to enhance herbicide efficiency, thereby reducing IFT usage and minimizing environmental impact. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

Indexed as

EchinochloaHerbicidesIsoxazolesNitrilesCrystallizationSolubilityHerbicidesisoxaflutoleIsoxazolesNitrilesisoxaflutolepesticidespolymorphsolubilitystabilityutilization efficiency

Identifiers

PMID42163034
PMCPMC13453256

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.