Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42162453›Full record

ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026

Disease changes and cost analysis of myasthenia gravis: a 10 years retrospective study from a reference center in Italy.

Renato Mantegazza, Carlo Antozzi, Fulvio Baggi, Lorenzo Maggi, Rita Frangiamore, Fiammetta Vanoli, Silvia Bonanno, Diana Giannarelli, Barbara Polistena, Ferdinando Verneau and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Renato MantegazzaAssociazione Italiana Miastenia (AIM), Via Celoria 11, Milano, 20133, Italy. mantegazza.renato@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-5737
Carlo AntozziImmunotherapy and Apheresis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-5224
Fulvio BaggiNeuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4618-0102
Lorenzo MaggiNeuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0932-5173
Rita FrangiamoreNeuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0383-3791
Fiammetta VanoliNeuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-6462
Silvia BonannoNeuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8823-6821
Diana GiannarelliBiostatistics Unit, Scientific Directorate Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-1195
Barbara PolistenaCentre for Applied Economic Research in Healthcare (C.R.E.A.) Sanità, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-0223
Ferdinando VerneauCentre for Applied Economic Research in Healthcare (C.R.E.A.) Sanità, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Federico SpandonaroCentre for Applied Economic Research in Healthcare (C.R.E.A.) Sanità, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1388-2850

Funding

UCB Pharma Italy UCB Pharma Italy
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveObjective study was the quantification of controlled/inadequately controlled generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) disease burden, health care resource utilization and costs in MG patients, followed-up at a reference center for MG in Italy. DESIGN AND

settingThe study is a 2010 to 2020 retrospective analysis of gMG patients. Clinical and health economics variables were those observed during routine clinical care. Data were anonymized and treated in aggregated forms in compliance with GDPR.

participantsOnly patients with gMG were included in the study.

resultsOut of 237 patients, 55.3% were males and 44.7% females with a median follow up duration of 4.7 years. Males were older, with a median age at onset of 58.3 years versus 45.7 years for females; an increased representation of late and very late onset patients was recorded. A shorter time from onset to diagnosis was observed in males. The incidence rate per year of exacerbations changed from 0.76 in the first year to 0.23 at the sixth year, with a similar trend for MG crisis; both exacerbations and crisis incidence were higher in inadequately controlled patients. Disease burden and health care resources utilizations were particularly evident in inadequately controlled patients, which showed a 138% increase of costs.

conclusionsOur data confirmed the observed epidemiological changes occurring in MG population and the high use of health care system resources in uncontrolled patients. The estimates obtained will provide a useful basis for assessing the impact of recently introduced targeted therapies on healthcare expenditure for MG.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessHealth Care CostsMyasthenia GravisAdultAgedAge of OnsetCosts and Cost AnalysisFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesCostsEpidemiologyHealth care resource utilizationMyasthenia gravis

Identifiers

PMID42162453

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.