Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42161536›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Virtual reality effects on dynamic stability of gait in stroke survivors: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial to assess the role of user experience.

Tara Mahmoodi, Amirhossein Memari, Homa Seyedmirzaei, Saman Sajadi, Ahmadreza Keihani, Fateme Hojjatipour, Melika Shahbazzadeh, Vahideh Moradi

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tara MahmoodiSports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
Amirhossein MemariSports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
Homa SeyedmirzaeiSports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
Saman SajadiDepartment of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
Ahmadreza KeihaniResearch Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics (RCBTR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
Fateme HojjatipourSports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1861-7063
Melika ShahbazzadehResearch Center for Health Management in Mass Gatherings, Iranian Red Crescent Society, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
Vahideh MoradiResearch Center for Health Management in Mass Gatherings, Iranian Red Crescent Society, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran vahideh.moradi@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn recent years, virtual reality (VR) training has gained momentum in stroke rehabilitation for reducing falls by enhancing balance and stability.

objectivesVR interventions offer superior immersion, interactivity and creative engagement compared with conventional therapies. However, the precise mechanisms by which VR influences dynamic stability remain unclear. Moreover, there is currently limited information regarding user experience (UX) in this context. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study protocol outlines a randomised controlled trial designed to evaluate the effects of an immersive VR intervention on the dynamic stability of gait parameters in stroke survivors, incorporating an assessment of UX. Two groups of subjects will be enrolled in this study, including patients with a stroke within the previous 6-12 months who will receive (1) 3 weeks of immersive VR training (intervention) or (2) conventional rehabilitation (control).The primary outcome of the study will be dynamic stability measures and the UX. The secondary outcomes include anxiety and depression, fatigue, functional mobility, functional walking ability, static balance, fear of falling and adverse effects. All participants will be assessed at baseline, after 3 weeks and after 2 months of the initiation of the study. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study ethics were approved by the ethical committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (registration No IR.TUMS.NI.REC.1401.091, registered on 8 January 2023). Written consent is going to be taken from all of the participants. The study adheres to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Dissemination of study findings will occur through peer-reviewed publications and knowledge translation activities targeting clinicians, researchers and rehabilitation professionals. Data generated from this study will be anonymised and curated in accordance with institutional and national data protection standards TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: IRCT20231031059916N1.

Indexed as

GaitPostural BalanceStrokeStroke RehabilitationVirtual RealityVirtual Reality Exposure TherapyAccidental FallsAdultFemaleHumansIranMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignSurvivorsREHABILITATION MEDICINEStrokeVirtual Reality

Identifiers

PMID42161536
PMCPMC13202093

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.